The COVID-19 pandemic exposed entrenched structural inequalities in the Philippine healthcare system, as revealed through the experiences of frontline healthcare workers. During the crisis, they faced resource shortages, heightened risk, and institutional neglect rooted in bureaucratic corruption, opaque governance, and a securitized emergency response. This article examines how structural, cultural, and direct violence intersected under pandemic conditions within overarching patterns of governance and social inequality. Using qualitative methods, it draws on frontline narratives, civil society reports, and media accounts to analyze interactions among state authorities, healthcare institutions, and civil society actors. Anchored in Galtung’s conflict triangle and conflict transformation framework, this article frames the pandemic as a site of unresolved social conflict and explores possibilities for accountability and structural reform toward equitable healthcare governance.